Summary

The analysis of truncated data when an unobserved latent structure is assumed is considered. A Bayesian analysis of truncated data in the presence of covariates is presented. A method is derived for the analysis of truncated data when the response for the unobserved members is known. The Gibbs sampler is used to approximate the required posteriors. The method is applied to some simulated data and to a real data set.

Summary

This report examines differences between male and female drivers in terms of travel characteristics, fatal crash risk, fatal crash characteristics and factors affecting injury outcome. This is in contrast with road safety analyses of driver behaviour which have traditionally concentrated on the role of the male driver. While virtually all drivers killed 45 years ago were male, the percentage of female driver fatalities had risen to 13% in 1970 and in recent years females have accounted for between 22% and 27% of all driver deaths.

Summary

This report deals with the development of appropriate predictive models for crashes at intersections capable of being used in planning purposes. It begins with a brief review of past studies into the relationship between crashes at intersections and traffic flow. All crashes occurring between 1988-1991 at 115 signalised intersections and 10 roundabouts in metropolitan Adelaide are assembled in a database. Summary descriptive statistics are provided showing the proportion of crashes by the main crash types.

Summary

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of two-up driving on driver fatigue by comparing it to the major operational alternative, single driving. A between-subjects design was used, in which 15 single drivers and 22 two-up drivers drove a regular type of trip over a selected route. The route selected was Perth to Broome and return which covered approximately 4,500 km and took in the vicinity of 100 hours to complete.

Summary

This project set out to assess the extent of protection for passenger car occupants involved in side impact collisions in this country and to make recommendations of ways in which this protection could be improved. A review of the international literature was initially undertaken to highlight current worldwide issues and deliberations and discussions were held with a number of overseas experts on regulation developments in Europe and the U.S.A.

Summary

This report reviews literature on young drivers" behavioural and personal characteristics in relation to their crash risk. Information is discussed within the framework of a theoretical model in which the major determinants of risk are: drivers" personal characteristics (skill, motivation) and their exposure to crash risk (both quantitative and qualitative factors).

Summary

This report involves the exploration of the qualitative dimensions of young driver driving exposure, and how these differ during the day compared to night-time. Data was collected using two methods: a nationwide door-to-door survey of 3008 drivers, and direct sampling of almost 600 "active" drivers undertaking a trip. Descriptive results are presented for the driving attitudes and behaviours, type of car driven, and personality characteristics of young drivers and a comparison sample of older drivers.

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Summary

This report reviews evidence which has been obtained in Australasia and elsewhere concerning the roles of drugs (prescription, over-the-counter and illicit) in traffic violations and crashes. The appropriateness of alcohol as a model for the study of the effects of other drugs on driving behaviour and traffic safety is discussed.

Summary

The results are reported of research investigating the use of saliva analysis as a research tool in determining drug usage by drivers who have not been involved in crashes. The research shows that saliva analysis is a valid research method for screening for a wide variety of drugs with the potential to impair driving skills, in a non-invasive and more easily obtainable manner than would he the case for blood and/or urine samples.