Australia's air services agreements & arrangements

Australia currently has air services agreements/arrangements with 110 countries/economies.

Airlines operating international air services do so within capacity entitlements contained in air services arrangements. The Register of Available Capacity and the Growth Potential for Australian Airlines set out capacity available to Australian carriers. The capacity available to foreign carriers and the expected uptake for the most recent scheduling season is set out in the Growth Potential for Foreign Airlines.

To see a list of airlines and the services that are operating under Australia's air services agreements/arrangements, visit the International Airlines Timetable Summary page.

The information below is a summary only and should not be relied on to make commercial decisions. The Department can provide information on Australia's bilateral rights and entitlements to assist applicants in developing applications for available capacity. Contact the Department at internationalaviation@infrastructure.gov.au.

Air services arrangements are usually comprised of a treaty level Air Services Agreement supplemented by arrangements of less than treaty status between aeronautical authorities, such as Memorandums of Understanding and/or exchanges of letters. It is Australian Government practice to publish all treaty-level agreements. However, arrangements of less than treaty status are generally not published as they are traditionally regarded as being confidential between aeronautical authorities.

The links to treaties included below link to the Treaties Database maintained by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. It should be noted that the Treaties Database includes Australian treaties currently in force. Any amendments subsequently negotiated and given operational effect by aeronautical authorities through arrangements of less than treaty status will not be included in the Treaties Database. Similarly, any new treaties negotiated and given operational effect by aeronautical authorities through arrangements of less than treaty status but not yet signed will not be included in the Treaties Database.

Australia's air services agreements/arrangements

No.	Country/Economy	Signed	Status	Treaty text
1	Argentina	11 March 1992	Operational effect Supplemented by MoUs of 2005** and 1998	Link to treaty with Argentina
2	Austria	22 March 1967	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2005, 2003, and 1999	Link to treaty with Austria
3	Azerbaijan	Initialled 6 December 2017	Operational effect Supplemented by Agreed Minutes of 2017	Undergoing treaty process
4	Bahamas	7 December 2017	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
5	Bahrain	29 April 1995	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2018 and 2003*	Link to treaty with Bahrain
6	Bangladesh	Initialled 15 August 2008	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2008**	Undergoing treaty process
7	Belarus	31 May 2013	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
8	Belgium	23 November 2012	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2011	Link to treaty with Belgium
9	Botswana	20 November 2014	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
10	Brazil	21 April 2010	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2008	Link to treaty with Brazil
11	Brunei Darussalam	30 April 1992	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2007*	Link to treaty with Brunei Darussalam
12	Cambodia	Signed 5 March 2024	Operational effect** Supplemented by EoL of 2017 and MoU of 2014.	Undergoing treaty process
13	Canada	5 July 1988	In force Supplemented by Agreed Minutes of 2024*	Link to treaty with Canada
14	Chile	7 September 2001	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2024*	Link to treaty with Chile
15	China	23 March 2004	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2016 and 2003	Link to treaty with China
16	Colombia	Signed 14 February 2019	Not in effect Supplemented by MoU of 2017**	Undergoing treaty process
17	Cook Islands	18 September 2001	In force Supplemented by EoL of 2010 and MoU of 1999	Link to treaty with Cook Islands
18	Cote d'Ivoire	Initialled 23 October 2015	Operational effect Supplemented by RoD of 2016 and MoU of 2015	Undergoing treaty process
19	Croatia	4 September 2013	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2007	Link to treaty with Croatia
20	Curaçao (Netherlands)	18 November 2014	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
21	Cyprus	Initialled 6 June 2017	Operational effect, Supplemented by MoU of 2017	Undergoing treaty process
22	Czech Republic	23 September 2010	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2005	Link to treaty with Czech Republic
23	Denmark	Initialled 13 December 2018	Operational effect Supplemented by RoD of 2018** and Agreed Minute of 1998	Undergoing treaty process
24	Ecuador	30 September 2014	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
25	Egypt	10 March 1997	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2012*	Link to treaty with Egypt
26	Ethiopia	Initialled 12 December 2018	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2018	Undergoing treaty process
27	Fiji	24 March 1982	In force Supplemented by various instruments including EoL of 2018, RoD of 2017 and MoU of 1999**	Link to treaty with Fiji
28	Finland	Initialled 15 June 1999	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 1999**	Undergoing treaty process
29	France (treaty includes French Polynesia and New Caledonia)	13 April 1965	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2013, 2012, 2011, 1997and 1996	Link to treaty with France
30	French Polynesia	31 January 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
31	Germany	22 May 1957	In force Supplemented by MoU of 1998* and EoL of 1998* and 1996*	Link to treaty with Germany
32	Ghana	11 December 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
33	Greece	10 June 1971	In force Supplemented by MoU and RoD of 2017**	Link to treaty with Greece
34	Guyana	13 December 2018	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
35	Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China	15 September 1993	In force Supplemented by CMU of 2024	Link to treaty with Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
36	Hungary	23 September 2016	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2006	Link to treaty with Hungary
37	Iceland	21 October 2011	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
38	India	6 March 2006	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2018	Link to treaty with India
39	Indonesia	7 February 2013	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2011	Link to treaty with Indonesia
40	Ireland	26 November 1957	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2005*	Link to treaty with Ireland
41	Israel	23 February 2017	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2016	Link to treaty with Israel
42	Italy	10 November 1960	In force Supplemented by Agreed Minutes of 2017**	Link to treaty with Italy
43	Japan	19 January 1956	In force Supplemented by various instruments including RoDs of 2019 and 2011* and EOL 2023	Link to treaty with Japan
44	Jordan	Initialled 10 December 2012	Operational effect Supplemented by RoD of 2018**	Undergoing treaty process
45	Kazakhstan	7 December 2017	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
46	Kenya	24 May 2012	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2008	Link to treaty with Kenya
47	Kiribati	22 October 2019	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2017	Undergoing treaty process
48	Korea, Republic of	26 February 1992	In force Supplemented by RoD of 2024, EoL of 2020 and MoU of 2007	Link to treaty with Korea, Republic of
49	Kuwait	22 October 2015	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2016	Link to treaty with Kuwait
50	Laos	4 July 2015	In force Supplemented by RoD of 2016 and MoU of 2012	Link to treaty with Laos
51	Latvia	Initialled 22 October 2024	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2024	Undergoing treaty process
52	Lebanon	11 March 1997	In force Supplemented by EoL of 2000 and MoU of 1994	Link to treaty with Lebanon
53	Luxembourg	Initialled 3 September 1997	Operational effect Supplemented by EoL of 1999* and MoU of 1997	Undergoing treaty process
54	Macau, China	24 August 1999	In force	Link to treaty with Macau, China
55	Macedonia	16 May 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
56	Malaysia	4 October 1972	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2024, 2013 and 2008* and Agreed Minutes of 2017	Link to treaty with Malaysia
57	Malta	11 September 1996	In force Supplemented by EoLs of 2003* and MoU of 1996	Link to treaty with Malta
58	Mauritius	4 February 2016	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2007	Link to treaty with Mauritius
59	Mexico	9 April 2010	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2005	Link to treaty with Mexico
60	Mongolia	Initialled 23 October 2024	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2024	Undergoing treaty process
61	Morocco	Initialled 7 December 2017	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2017	Undergoing treaty process
62	Myanmar (Burma)	23 September 1976	In force Supplemented by Agreed Minutes of 2015**	Link to treaty with Myanmar (Burma)
63	Namibia	7 December 2017	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
64	Nauru	17 September 1969	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2016**	Link to treaty with Nauru
65	Nepal	Initialled 30 September 2019	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2019	Undergoing treaty process
66	Netherlands	25 September 1951	In force Supplemented by MoU of 1997*	Link to treaty with Netherlands
67	New Caledonia	20 November 2013	Instrument of less than treaty status*	N/A
68	New Zealand	8 August 2002	In force	Link to treaty with New Zealand
69	Nigeria	Initialled 22 October 2015	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2019	Undergoing treaty process
70	Niue	Initialled 25 June 1999	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 1999	N/A
71	Norway	Initialled 13 December 2018	Operational effect** Supplemented by RoD of 2018* and Agreed Minute of 1998	Undergoing treaty process
72	Oman	24 October 2024	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2018 and RoD of 2016*	Undergoing treaty process
73	Pakistan	Initialled 2 August 2007	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2007	Undergoing treaty process
74	Palau	2 May 2012	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2004	Link to treaty with Palau
75	Papua New Guinea	6 October 2017	In force Supplemented by MoU 2010	Link to treaty with Papua New Guinea
76	Paraguay	11 December 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
77	Peru	24 May 2017	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2013	Undergoing treaty process
78	Philippines	24 October 2012	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2018*	Link to treaty with Philippines
79	Poland	28 April 2004	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2003	Link to treaty with Poland
80	Qatar	17 November 2016	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2022*	Undergoing treaty process
81	Romania	3 April 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
82	Russian Federation	11 July 1994	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2004*	Link to treaty with Russian Federation
83	Rwanda	Initialled 23 October 2024	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 2024	Undergoing treaty process
84	Samoa	11 August 2000	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2022	Link to treaty with Samoa
85	Saudi Arabia	27 April 2017	Operational effect** Supplemented by RoD of 2016	Undergoing treaty process
86	Serbia	14 May 2013	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2011	Link to treaty with Serbia
87	Seychelles	24 October 2024	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2017**	Undergoing treaty process
88	Singapore	3 November 1967	In force Supplemented by CMU of 2003*	Link to treaty with Singapore
89	Solomon Islands	21 August 2012	Operational effect Supplemented by MoU of 2011	Link to treaty with Solomon Islands
90	South Africa	18 July 1995	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2015** and 2008	Link to treaty with South Africa
91	Spain	24 June 2009	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2007	Link to treaty with Spain
92	Sri Lanka	3 May 2012	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2024	Link to treaty with Sri Lanka
93	Sudan	8 December 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
94	Sweden	Initialled 13 December 2018	Operational effect** Supplemented by RoD of 2018* and Agreed Minute of 1998	Undergoing treaty process
95	Switzerland	28 November 2008	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2012*	Link to treaty with Switzerland
96	Taiwan	25 March 1994	Operational effect	Less than treaty status
97	Thailand	3 August 2017	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2012	Link to treaty with Thailand
98	Timor-Leste	26 May 2017	In force Supplemented by Agreed Minute of 2021	Link to treaty with Timor-Leste
99	Tonga	23 August 2003	In force Supplemented by EoL of 2022	Link to treaty with Tonga
100	Türkiye	28 April 2010	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2023 and 2010*	Link to treaty with Türkiye
101	Uganda	19 November 2014	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
102	United Arab Emirates	8 September 2002	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2016*	Link to treaty with United Arab Emirates
103	United Kingdom	10 July 2008	In force Supplemented by MoUs of 2022 and 2019**	Link to treaty with United Kingdom
104	United States of America	31 March 2008	In force	Link to treaty with United States of America
105	Uruguay	11 December 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
106	Vanuatu	2 July 2013	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2010*	Link to treaty with Vanuatu
107	Vietnam	31 July 1995	In force Supplemented by MoU of 2023 and 2012*	Link to treaty with Vietnam
108	Yemen	10 December 2012	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
109	Zambia	21 October 2011	Instrument of less than treaty status	N/A
110	Zimbabwe	Initialled 5 May 1998	Operational effect** Supplemented by MoU of 1998	Undergoing treaty process

* Contains amendments subsequently negotiated and given operational effect on a non-legally binding basis by aeronautical authorities through arrangements of less than treaty status, but not yet brought into force and hence not yet included in the Treaties Database.
** A new or replacement treaty given operational effect on a non-legally binding basis by aeronautical authorities through arrangements of less than treaty status, but not yet brought into force and hence not yet included in the Treaties Database.
MoU—Memorandum of Understanding
RoD—Record of Discussion
CMU—Confidential Memorandum of Understanding
EoL—Exchange of Letters

Disclaimer

The attached documents are internal working documents of the department generated for the purpose of in-house use. This document may only be used as a guide to rights granted, and services operated, under Australia's bilateral air services agreements and arrangements. Rights and capacity negotiated under Australia's bilateral air services agreement and arrangements are reviewed constantly and airlines frequently change their operations. Due to the summary nature of details in this document the Commonwealth accepts no responsibility for the accuracy or currency of the information provided. There should be no expectation that the rights, timetable summary and capacity information provided is authoritative or may be relied on and persons should rely on their own inquiries.